为Kubernetes dashboard访问用户添加权限控制
# 为Kubernetes dashboard访问用户添加权限控制
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1. 需求
在开发环境给开发人员创建应用部署管理权限，可以使用dashboard的token和kubeconfig文件登录，并在开发人员机器上安装kubectl命令，可以使用kubectl port-forward命令。
2. 方案
因为我们用到了dashboard和kubeapps，所以他们的rbac权限都要分配。
创建namespace：dev
创建ServiceAccount：dev-user1
给相应权限，并绑定ServiceAccount。
3. 实现
3.1 分配dashboard权限
kubectl apply -f dev-user1.yaml
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--- # ServiceAccount apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: dev-user1 namespace: dev --- # role kind: Role apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 metadata: namespace: dev name: role-dev-user1 rules: - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["pods"] verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "delete", "update", "patch"] - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["pods/portforward", "pods/proxy"] verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "update", "patch", "delete"] - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["pods/log"] verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "delete"] - apiGroups: ["extensions", "apps"] resources: ["deployments"] verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "update", "patch", "delete"] - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["namespaces"] verbs: ["get", "watch", "list"] - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["events"] verbs: ["get", "watch", "list"] - apiGroups: ["apps", "extensions"] resources: ["replicasets"] verbs: ["get", "watch", "list", "create", "update", "pathch", "delete"] - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["configmaps"] verbs: ["get", "watch", "list", "create", "update", "pathch", "delete"] - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["persistentvolumeclaims"] verbs: ["get", "watch", "list"] - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["secrets"] verbs: ["get", "watch", "list"] - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["services"] verbs: ["get", "watch", "list", "create", "update", "pathch", "delete"] - apiGroups: ["extensions"] resources: ["ingresses"] verbs: ["get", "watch", "list"] - apiGroups: ["apps"] resources: ["daemonsets"] verbs: ["get", "watch", "list"] - apiGroups: ["batch"] resources: ["jobs"] verbs: ["get", "watch", "list"] - apiGroups: ["batch"] resources: ["cronjobs"] verbs: ["get", "watch", "list"] - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["replicationcontrollers"] verbs: ["get", "watch", "list"] - apiGroups: ["apps"] resources: ["statefulsets"] verbs: ["get", "watch", "list"] - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["endpoints"] verbs: ["get", "watch", "list"] --- # role bind kind: RoleBinding apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 metadata: name: role-bind-dev-user1 namespace: dev subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: dev-user1 namespace: dev roleRef: kind: Role name: role-dev-user1 apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io #--- ## clusterrole #kind: ClusterRole #apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 #metadata: # namespace: dev # name: clusterrole-dev-user1 #rules: #- apiGroups: [""] # resources: ["namespaces"] # verbs: ["get", "watch", "list"] # #--- ## clusterrole bind #kind: ClusterRoleBinding #apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 #metadata: # name: clusterrole-bind-dev-user1 # namespace: dev #subjects: #- kind: ServiceAccount # name: dev-user1 # namespace: dev #roleRef: # kind: ClusterRole # name: clusterrole-dev-user1 # apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io |
3.2 分配kubeapps权限
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kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubeapps/kubeapps/master/docs/user/manifests/kubeapps-applications-read.yaml kubectl create -n dev rolebinding dev-user1-view \ --clusterrole=kubeapps-applications-read \ --serviceaccount dev:dev-user1 |
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export KUBEAPPS_NAMESPACE=kubeapps kubectl apply -n $KUBEAPPS_NAMESPACE -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubeapps/kubeapps/master/docs/user/manifests/kubeapps-repositories-read.yaml kubectl create -n dev rolebinding dev-user1-edit \ --clusterrole=edit \ --serviceaccount dev:dev-user1 kubectl create -n $KUBEAPPS_NAMESPACE rolebinding dev1-user1-kubeapps-repositories-read \ --role=kubeapps-repositories-read \ --serviceaccount dev:dev-user1 |
token获取：
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kubectl get -n dev secret $(kubectl get -n dev serviceaccount dev-user1 -o jsonpath='{.secrets[].name}') -o jsonpath='{.data.token}' | base64 --decode |
3.3 生成kubeconfig
通过token方式访问kube-apiserver
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# 创建 kubectl config 文件 # 设置集群参数 kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \ --insecure-skip-tls-verify=true \ --server="https://192.168.105.99:8443" # 设置客户端认证参数 kubectl config set-credentials dev-user1 \ --token='上文中获取到的token' # 设置上下文参数 kubectl config set-context kubernetes \ --cluster=kubernetes \ --user=dev-user1 \ --namespace=dev # 设置默认上下文 kubectl config use-context kubernetes |
注意
配置kubeconfig时指定路径，以免覆盖已有配置，--kubeconfig=configpath
也可以直接创建文件config，修改内容即可。
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apiVersion: v1 clusters: - cluster: insecure-skip-tls-verify: true server: https://192.168.105.99:8443 name: kubernetes contexts: - context: cluster: kubernetes namespace: dev user: dev-user1 name: kubernetes current-context: kubernetes kind: Config preferences: {} users: - name: dev-user1 user: token: eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IiJ9.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJkZXYiLCJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLmlvL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50L3NlY3JldC5uYW1lIjoiZGV2LXVzZXIxLXRva2VuLTJsbDlnIiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9zZX291bnQubmFtZSI6ImRldi11c2VyMSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50LnVpZCI6IjdiY2Q4N2E1LWM0NGEtMTFlOC1iY2I5LTAwMGMyOWVhM2UzMCIsInN1YiI6InN5c3RlbTpzZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudDpkZXY6ZGV2LXVzZXIxIn0.1M84CPHY-GoyeaRFyBcD49GTwG5o0HMhN8lVsH9GDiqdui-1ppyi3JMONRJ9aWdswEF7-wsb5d4MQEk-9z5yiVh2r8SMP0EhcUR5ierntzD1bwwwuYzDxE4vHAuPB1tTxM0fOL3H-BOjt68iBKmOtRJumx8LzSUleQiNBBqR1B_yRLqrO6yslw44WC432O5g1v |
4. 测试验证
windows kubectl命令安装
命令下载：
https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.12.0/bin/windows/amd64/kubectl.exe
然后将其放至系统PATH目录下，比如c:\Windows
命令使用时，可使用cmd、powershell或者其它命令提示行工具。推荐使用Git Bash，因为安装过Git，则安装了此工具。
kubeconfig文件
kubeconfig文件，即上文件中生成的config文件。
文件名为config，文件放到 ~/.kube/下（~为用户家目录），因为kubectl命令默认读取此文件，否则每次使用kubectl命令，需要用参数--kubeconfig=configpath指定。
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kubectl get pod -n dev kubectl port-forward svc/dev-mysql-mysqlha 3306:3306 -n dev |
参考资料：
[1] https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/rbac/
[2] https://blog.qikqiak.com/post/add-authorization-for-kubernetes-dashboard/
[3] https://github.com/kubeapps/kubeapps/blob/master/docs/user/access-control.md
[4] https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands#config
[5] https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl/#configure-kubectl
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